In international business, force majeure and hardship clauses are essential tools for managing unexpected events that make contract performance difficult or impossible.Under Swedish law, these clauses are recognised and frequently included in commercial agreements — but their effect depends heavily on how they are drafted...

When international transactions involve Sweden — whether through a Swedish company, guarantee, or governed law clause — counterparties often require confirmation that the agreements are valid and enforceable under Swedish law.This issue lies at the heart of every Swedish legal opinion, as enforceability determines whether...

When a transaction involves the transfer of shares in a Swedish company (aktiebolag, AB) — whether as part of a private acquisition, group restructuring, or financing — counterparties often request a formal Swedish legal opinion.This opinion provides independent confirmation that the transfer is valid, binding,...

In any merger or acquisition (M&A) involving a Swedish company, two legal instruments play a decisive role in managing risk and ensuring compliance: The due diligence report, and The Swedish legal opinion. While due diligence investigates the target’s legal and financial condition, a legal opinion...

In international transactions involving a Swedish limited company (aktiebolag, AB), one of the most essential components of a Swedish legal opinion is the confirmation of corporate authority.This section assures lenders, investors, and counterparties that the company is legally authorised to enter into the transaction and...

In Sweden, shareholder agreements (ägaravtal) are widely used to regulate the rights and obligations of shareholders in a limited company (aktiebolag, AB).While these agreements provide flexibility and protection beyond the statutory framework of the Swedish Companies Act (Aktiebolagslagen, 2005:551), they also present several legal and...

When a transaction involves a Swedish limited company (aktiebolag, or AB) — whether as a borrower, guarantor, or target — counterparties often require a formal Swedish legal opinion.This opinion provides assurance that the company is validly incorporated, properly authorised, and that its obligations under the...

In international transactions, contracts often involve parties, assets, or obligations connected to more than one country. This raises a critical question: which law applies and which court has jurisdiction? Under Swedish law, these issues are governed by well-established principles of private international law and —...